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- We talk a little... a lot... passionately!
Saint Vincent-le-Paluel... September 1943, in Saint-Martin-Vésubie... The Manouchian group... Montpellier... 1622, the seat of Montpellier... The true history of the unfinished cathedral of the Canourgue... - On the side of Abbe.Photo
- The Library of Passadoc
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Philippe Levieux
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Dordogne
Built in XVe century on the site of a XIII buildinge, the castle consists of a house body flanked by two towers on both sides of the stair tower located in the centre of the house. Behind this building, and connected to it by a narrow passage, a rectangular dungeon of the XIIe century (now collapsed) completes the whole. Machiculi crown the towers and the house body.
With a medieval part, and a Renaissance part, it remains an important building with impressive charm, with its huge dovecote, chapel, Renaissance fountain, well, underground escape, cellars, cave ...
The building was set on fire in 1944 by the SS Das Reich division, which went up to Normandy following the landing of the allies.
The Château du Paluel has experienced a certain fame by welcoming the filming The Tattoo, Louis de Funès and Jean Gabin.
As part of the additional inventory of historic monuments in 1927, it has been owned since 2017 by Étienne Cluzel, a child of the country who began restoring it.
Clichés Ph. Levieux – September 24, 2022.
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Philippe Natalini
September 1943 ... in Saint-Martin-Vésubie (06).
Saint-Martin-Vésubie [Alpes Maritimes] had been designated by the Vichy government as one of the Maralpine localities to house foreign Jews under house arrest.
The village welcomed 300 Jewish families, mostly from Central and Eastern Europe. Under the protection of the Italian villagers and soldiers, they lived there a period of peace and serenity, able to practice their worship, send the children to school, find themselves in the village.
On September 8, 1943, the Italian capitulation put a brutal end to this happy parenthesis. Wanting to escape the « Jewish hunting » ordered by Aloïs Brunner, most of the families guided by the inhabitants of the village fled to Italy via the Cerise and Fenestre passes. Some, who remained in the village, were arrested by the Germans, despite the solidarity shown by the inhabitants to save them.
Those who, despite the difficult difficulties associated with walking in the mountains, manage to arrive in Italy, are expected by the Germans in Borgo San Dalmazzo.
328 were immediately arrested for deportation to Auschwitz. Only 12 of them will survive.
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The Manouchian Group
In memory of the Armenians active members of the Nazi occupying resistance group, a group of the Parisian FTP-MOI led by this adopted Marseilles that was Missak Manouchian. A resounding weapon will precipitate their loss; It happened 79 years ago.
It's in the morning of September 23, 1943, around 8:30 a.m., Petrarch Street in the 16e Paris district, which a team of FTP-MOI (Marcel Rayman, Léo Kneler, Spartaco Fontano and Celestino Alfonso) executed the officer SS Julius Ritter responsible in France for the STO (Service du Travail Obligatoire).
As he gets into his car, Celestino Alfonso shoots several shots that will be cushioned by the glass. The German officer tries to clear himself from the opposite side but finds himself in front of Marcel Rayman, who finishes with three bullets.
After this attack, the occupant no longer feels safe. The front page denunciation of the propaganda newspapers of this operation as a « abominable act », and the official funerals in the church of the Madeleine give even more impact to the operation.
Ritter's assassination had a huge impact in Berlin and Heinrich Himmler ordered his representative in France, Karl Oberg, to repress without pity the « terrorists ».
He followed the arrest of the 23 members of the Manouchian group at the end of 1943. The Germans will put on the walls of Paris the Red Poster, a tool of propaganda that stigmatizes the presence of foreigners and Jews among the French Resistance.
On 21 February 1944, members of the Missak Manouchian group were shot at Mount Valerian. A poem by Louis Aragon, [made in music and sung by Léo Ferré] will trace this episode.
Last stanza of the poem with seven.
On the day of his assassination, Missak Manouchian wrote to his wife: I am sure that the French people and all freedom fighters will honor our memory with dignity.
Never forget these men and women who love freedom... who sacrificed so much for our freedom.
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Alain Cathala
Montpellier
In the XVIIe and XVIIIe centuries, we find Montpelier but more commonly Montpellier, Current spelling. The most acceptable etymology is that established by Chabaneau : Monspitillarius, i.e. spices. It derives from both the philology and the history of the hill on which the spice merchants established the fame and glory of the city.
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1622: the headquarters of Montpellier
The siege of the Protestant stronghold of Montpellier by the Royal Army of Louis XIII will last from the end of August to 19 October 1622. It is one of the main events of the first Protestant rebellion at the beginning of the XVIIe century. After almost two months of siege, the city submitted without being defeated. The last local act of the religious wars, this major event transformed the face of the city.
Source: Departmental Archives
Figured plane of the seat dating from 1622 ... And a cannon ball.
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The true history of the unfinished cathedral of the Canourgue.
The site of the cathedral began in 1627, five years after the siege of the Protestant city; So we're part of the counter-reform.
The bishop Fenouillet who imagined the project appealed to the architect Pierre Levesville of Toulouse who had built the church Saint Stephen. The terrain is steep and geologically very unstable. The foundation preparation work therefore takes a long time and faces many problems. However, the talent of Levesville meant that the base that was to support the cathedral walls was finally built with a chapel below.
In 1629, Cardinal de Richelieu passed to Montpellier by going to Alès to sign a treaty announcing the next revocation of the edict of Nantes.
As soon as he arrived in Montpellier, he was taken to the cathedral construction site and then visited the destroyed old cathedral. (Fort Saint Peter).
Returning from Alès Richelieu returned to Montpellier on 26 July 1629 and gave the order to discontinue the work of the new cathedral to rather rebuild and restore the old (Saint Peter). A new plague epidemic confirms the decision.
The site remained abandoned until 1665, when, under pressure from the local residents, the bishopric gave the land to the municipality which transformed it into a public place.
What really happened?
Several pretexts were put forward to explain Richelieu's decision, the dominant position of the bell tower that in case of conflict could make it military post or the cardinal looking at the accounts estimated the bill too high... And a few more...
Historians conducted the investigation and no doubt found the real reasons for this sudden and brutal decision by Richelieu.
– First index At the same time as the cathedral, the bishop had commissioned Levesville to build an episcopal palace. But the construction of this palace was interrupted at the same time as the cathedral, and especially it was never completed.
– Second index The bishop had a niece, Perine, whom he cherished as his daughter. She had followed in her diocese and married a certain Jacques Vallat, governor of Montferrand Castle. In order to relieve the uncle by alliance of worries by too much material, we find him constantly on the site of the house, supervising the works and signing all the « prices ».
– Third index : Jacques Valat's brother was Pierre Vallat and he was appointed by the bishop « responsible for the collection and handling of money for the financing of the cathedral ».
The historian of Aigrefeuille, a hundred years later, raises the veil a little: The bishop's secret enemies put an end to the work (of the cathedral) by insinuating to the cardinal of Richelieu that he was deviating from other buildings the funds intended for that of the Canourgue. One can imagine that the « Informants » were from the Protestant party.
To preserve this first bishop from the counter-reform in Montpellier, Richelieu clearly stifled the affair. The bishop deemed very strict and integrity was undoubtedly the victim of a fraud by Jacques Vallat which revealed himself by his marriage with Périne being the only heir of the bishop's property...
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André Abbe
The return of pasture…
Every year, in late September and early October, I remember the « Demonstration » (the transhumance return), with nostalgia, from the descent of the herd of Julien Raynaud, during the 70s and 80s.
This is our friend Claude, the most faithful of Julien's volunteer shepherds, who crosses Valberg (Alpes Maritimes) at the head of the flock followed by Cocotte. Memories, memories.
Giono – The shepherd, a man about fifty years old, fat bones, without great flesh,
With nothing but a dry skin cooked on cooked muscles,
A hillman, made of sun, dust and dead leaves, ...
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Nice shots!
When I go fishing for photos in my archives, I often make nice catches. Thus, I have just found this photo, over 30 years old, of my professional fishermen friends from Antibes, Joseph Blanchet (1905) to the left and Alain Soli, to the right. I don't recognize the fisherman in the center partially hidden.
In his young age, the late Joseph moved on his pointed point only with the help of his trains and removed his nets by the strength of his arms. An attaching man whose memories I recorded in Provençal in 1987.
Alain, whom I haven't seen in a long time, whom we see here bringing a lobster in the nets, specializes in fishing for sea urchins that he dived without oxygen bottle. He was at the time the first man to be employed in Antibes, i.e. a judge responsible for settling disputes between fishermen. The burden has now lost its importance.
It should be noted that French fishermen in the Atlantic and the English Channel do not know the men...
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Another look at the exhibition. Women of Provence
Click! Gisèle recognizes friends from Roquebruno...
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